Digital Certificate: the Key to Efficient Use of Public Administration

The digital certificate, now a key tool in today's digital world, enables users to be uniquely identified online when performing a variety of government-related activities. It acts as a secure alternative to traditional access credentials, eliminating the need for usernames and passwords in administrative processes.

Role of the Digital Certificate in Everyday Administrative Processes

The digital certificate is becoming indispensable when performing various procedures, such as filing tax returns, checking points on driver's licenses, registering, obtaining a copy of a birth certificate, or other administrative formalities. The introduction of this tool enables secure identity authentication, which is crucial, especially on government websites.

Types of Digital Certificates

There are two main types of digital certificates: those embedded in the chip of the electronic ID card (DNIe), available only to those with Spanish citizenship, and those issued by the National “Fabrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre” (FNMT) in the form of a computer file. Both types of certificates are widely accepted by administrative parties, giving users the flexibility to choose their preferred option.

FNMT digital certificates are relatively easy to obtain and convenient to use. Process their acquisition can be completed online, but requires proof of identity by appearing in person at one of the authorized offices. Once obtained, the certificate can be installed on various browsers and mobile devices. When operating on government websites, the user will automatically be presented with a window to select the appropriate certificate, making the entire authentication process much easier.

The DNIe certificate is simpler to obtain, but more demanding to use. Activation of the chip and certificates is done at the police station when obtaining an ID card. However, in order to use it, you need a compatible card reader or an NFC chip in the case of DNIe originating after 2015, along with a with the official application.

Process for Obtaining an FNMT Certificate Online

The most recommended way to obtain an FNMT digital certificate is to use a new tool that enables the entire process in any web browser. The first step is to go to the website dedicated to generating keys*.

Once you're in, there are versions for Windows 32 and 64 bits, macOS and two types of packages for GNU/Linux distributions, also in 32 and 64 bits. Choose the appropriate version to download and be prepared to wait a while, because this process can take time.

After downloading, the next step is to install the program, which depends on the operating system. For Windows, this is a very simple process, similar to installing any other program. After launching the installer, all you have to do is accept the license and choose the installation location. The process is similar to the installation of other applications, and the installer itself does not attempt to install additional programs.

Once installed, open the browser of your choice and visit the Sede Electrónica FNMT website. Under the “Certificados” tab, select the type of certificate you want, such as “Persona Física” for a personal certificate. Then, under “Obtener Certificado Software,” click on one of the two options, i.e. “Solicitar Certificado” or “Solicitud vía internet de su Certificado,” to begin the application process.

You will then be redirected to a page where you will enter your information, such as your ID card number, first name and email address. It is important that you do not press the “Enviar petición” (Send application) button directly. Instead, click on the link “Pulse aquí para consultar y aceptar condiciones de expedición del certificado” (Click here to consult and accept the terms and conditions for issuing the certificate.) Once you click on the link, the terms and conditions for issuing the certificate will be displayed on the same page.

Check the box “Acepto las condiciones de expedición” (I accept the conditions of issuance) and click the button “Enviar petición” (Send application) to continue. If you're using Internet Explorer or Firefox 68, you don't need to take any additional action; you'll receive an email with the application number, which will be linked to your ID number. For other browsers, the site will ask you to open the new “ConfiguradorFnmt” tool you just installed. Once the tool opens, click the “Abrir” (Open) button to go to the application you downloaded.

The tool will ask you to set a security password to protect the certificate keys. This password will be required after registration and will also be used when downloading the certificate. After entering your password, you will receive an email with an application number associated with your ID card number.

Once this is complete, you will need to visit one of the authorized offices to confirm your identity in person. Come with your application number, ID card and your NIE document. Depending on the office you choose, you may need to make an appointment in advance. The office finder on the website will make it easier to find the nearest location. Once you have completed the procedure at the office, you will receive an email with a code to download and install the certificate.

If everything goes according to plan, once you accept the terms and conditions, a window will appear to perform the installation. It is very important that you do not make any changes to your operating system or browser from the moment of application. These changes are the metadata that will be used to verify your identity during the installation of the certificate.

Also note that the certificate can only be downloaded for a limited period of time, so it is not enough to keep an email to download it again after a year. Once the certificate is installed, you will already be able to use the digital certificate. For Internet Explorer, click the button with three dots in the upper right corner, go to “Internet Options” and then under the “Content” tab, click the “Certificates” button.

There you will find it under the “Personal” tab, just select it and click “Export.”



Benefits and Choices Between Certificates

There are numerous benefits to implementing a digital certificate, such as quick access to administrative services, reducing the time it takes to get things done, and increasing the security of online transactions. Another key aspect is that FNMT certificates are easier to use than DNIe certificates, requiring no additional PINs or physical devices, making them more user-friendly.

In summary, the process of obtaining an FNMT digital certificate has become more accessible and intuitive thanks to new online tools. The introduction of this key element enables efficient interaction with government, eliminating the need for traditional access credentials. The choice between an FNMT certificate and a DNIe depends on the individual user's preferences, but both solutions play a key role in modernizing and streamlining administrative processes.

It is worth being aware of the processes for obtaining and renewing certificates in order to take full advantage of their potential. Security and efficiency in online interactions with the administration are becoming increasingly important, and a digital certificate is the key to efficient use of public services in today's digital world.

Link to key generation

https://www.sede.fnmt.gob.es/descargas/descarga-software/instalacion-software-generacion-de-claves